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In the years 1945-1947 Přemysl Pitter and his colleagues initiated and managed the rescue operation The Castles for children from Nazi concentration camps and the Czechoslovak internment camps. In the castles near Prague (Olešovice, Kamenice, Štiřín, Lojkovice, Ládví) was found shelter for children of dead Jews or exiled Germans. These shelters were sanatoriums, where children got health and social care. The most of rescued children were aged 3-14 years. In the context of the post-war period, it was extraordinary that German children were brought up together with Jewish, Polish, Slovak and Subcarpathian Russia children. Pitter with his co-workers mediated the connection of children with their parents or relatives. The rescue operation The Castles ended in 1947. Within two years, 810 children were rescued.

The work of humanist Přemysl Pitter deserves to be well known and available to the widest possible public. This goal is met by the Foundation of Přemysl Pitter and Olga Fierzová. The foundation is supported by the MILIDU Association (founded in 1980 in Zurich on the initiative of O. Fierzová) and the National Pedagogical Museum and Library of J. A. Comenius in Prague. The Museum takes care of the extensive archive of P. Pitter and O. Fierzová and is responsible mainly for following:

• provides study facilities to researchers about the life and work of both P. Pitter and O. Fierzová;
• gathers and makes available archive materials;
• collaborates with schools and libraries;
• organizes conferences and seminars.

Since 2013, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports has launched the project of implementation of the latest technologies in the process of digitization and access to the Archive of P. Pitter and O. Fierzová in accordance with current European data sharing environment.